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There's an inherent flaw in Google Inc.'s (Nasdaq: GOOG) Android operating system.
The flaw isn't a technical glitch.
In fact, most agree that Google's Android is a first-rate mobile operating system that has gotten better with each update. Some even prefer it to Apple's iOS.
It's not adoption either.
According to recent data from Nielsen, Android's U.S. market share among smartphones has reached 48%, compared to 32.1% for Apple's iPhone. And Google says it has activated more than 300 million Android devices.
The problem is partly the result of Google Android's overall success.
The biggest flaw is fragmentation and it will be what prevents Google from defeating Apple Inc.'s (Nasdaq: AAPL) iPhone in the mobile computing wars.
There are simply too many versions of Android running on too many (over 1,400) different pieces of hardware. And the issue gets worse with each new version of Android, as older devices are rarely updated.
That's a huge problem for Android developers, who need to write apps that will work on a bewildering array of possible configurations. And it's starting to have an impact.
According to Appcelerator's most recent quarterly survey of developers, interest in writing apps for Android phones fell 4.7 percentage points to 78.6%, and interest in writing apps for Android tablets fell 2.2 percentage points to 65.9%.
By comparison, 89% of developers were interested in writing apps for Apple's iOS, a number that has remained steady.
"Massive platform fragmentation is a big reason that we're seeing this decline in interest," Mike King, Appcelerator's principal mobile strategist, told Network World. "If you look at all the other numbers such as Android smartphone market share it's on the upswing, but for app developers it's a real challenge."
It's a headache iOS developers don't share. Most Apple customers stay current with the latest version of iOS.
And because Apple makes all the hardware, limited to just a handful of models, it's much easier to write an app that runs on nearly all of the millions of iPhones, iPod Touches and iPads in use.
Google Android Users Not Big Spenders
Making matters worse for developers is that Android users tend to spend less money on apps than owners of Apple devices.
According to a report last year by Piper Jaffray's Gene Munster, the Google Android Market (recently renamed Google Play) generated just 7% of the revenue of Apple's iTunes App Store.
Munster estimated that in terms of dollars spent on mobile computing apps, Apple has an 85%-90% share. He expects Apple's dominance of app revenue to remain over 70% for the next three to four years.
Some defenders of the Android market claim Munster's methodology is flawed. They point out that Android apps, unlike iOS apps, are sold in multiple online stores.
But that, too, creates issues for developers, who need to make sure they cover all their distribution bases with each release.
Put it all together and it means Android developers need to put in more effort while making less money than iOS developers. And it's driven at least one developer to throw in the towel.
"Our Android apps aren't making money," wrote Mika Mobile, creator of such games as Zombieville USA and Battleheart, in a March 9 blog post. "Android sales amounted to around 5% of our revenue for the year, and continues to shrink. Needless to say, this ratio is unsustainable."
Much of the money Mika Mobile's Android sales did generate got swallowed up by extra development costs - time spent tweaking apps to work properly on the proliferating combinations of new hardware and versions of Android.
One more thing: The lower Android app sales have pushed prices in the Android Market higher. A recent survey by Canalys showed the average cost per app for the top 100 offerings in the Android Market was $3.74, but just $1.47 for the top 100 in the iTunes App Store.
The higher prices tend to further discourage buying, which in turn helps keep the prices high.
Hitting Google Android in the Apps
Despite is successes, Google needs to do something about Android's fragmentation to keep its developers from jumping ship. Google needs to make sure the developers can make money.
Disenchantment on the part of many Android developers could result in a falling number of quality apps and increasing compatibility issues as older apps are no longer updated.
"Developers go where the money is. End users go where the apps are. Developers create apps where users are," writes veteran tech pundit Joe Wilcox in an article called "iPhone is Unstoppable."
Wilcox theorizes that Apple's ecosystem will be difficult to disrupt. Google will need to fix its fragmentation issues quickly to avoid the fate that Apple's Mac platform suffered in an earlier OS War.
"In the 1990s, Microsoft sought to achieve a "standard' platform for developers and succeeded with Windows. Apple is quickly doing the same around iOS, iPhone and iPad," Wilcox said.
The Windows Wild Card
Speaking of Microsoft Corp. (Nasdaq: MSFT), its plans for Windows 8 gives Google something else to worry about in the mobile computing space.
Microsoft, until now left on the mobile computing sidelines, will aggressively market Windows 8. And it will likely do a better job of preventing the sort of fragmentation that's stinging Android.
A wave of Windows 8 tablets and smartphones arriving in the fall no doubt will end up competing for the same cost-conscious customers that have been buying Android-powered devices.
With only about 70,000 apps, the Windows Phone Marketplace is far behind the leaders, (which have over 500,000 apps each) but Microsoft plans to woo developers in an effort to catch up.
Microsoft and hardware partner Nokia Corporation (NYSE ADR: NOK) announced just last week they'd jointly invest in a $23.9 million mobile app development program over the next three years.
Should Windows 8 get traction in the mobile computing market - and history shows that Microsoft is nothing if not persistent - it could further undermine Android.
Still, Android isn't going anywhere. It's certainly not in danger of disappearing. But neither is it going to race to dominance, as some predicted last year.
Ultimately, Android's status in the mobile computing market largely depends on how seriously Google and its hardware partners take the fragmentation problem.
"Android is not facing an imminent crisis amongst developers," writes Jeff Duncan for Digital Trends.com. "But, looking out over the next two years, Android (and Google) are clearly going to have to move application development and revenue generation to the same priority level as [hardware] adoption and device activations, or face a stagnating software and content ecosystem."
Related Articles and News:
- Money Morning:
Android@Home, Project X, and Other Secrets of Google Inc. (Nasdaq: GOOG) - Money Morning:
How Apple Investors Can Profit from the New iPad - Money Morning:
Windows 8: Microsoft (Nasdaq: MSFT) Strikes Back at Apple and Google - Money Morning:
How Apple Inc. (Nasdaq: AAPL) Became the Vampire Squid of Tech - AdWeek:
Appcelerator, IDC Survey reveals fragmentation turning developers off Android - Canalys:
Android apps are too expensive - CBS News:
Does Google market Android to cheapskates? - Wired:
iOS Apps Generate 6 Times the Revenue of Android Apps - Trefis:
Microsoft Plans to Get All Top iOS/Android Apps on Windows Phone - Fortune: Piper Jaffray: Android app revenue is 7% of iPhone's
About the Author
David Zeiler, Associate Editor for Money Morning at Money Map Press, has been a journalist for more than 35 years, including 18 spent at The Baltimore Sun. He has worked as a writer, editor, and page designer at different times in his career. He's interviewed a number of well-known personalities - ranging from punk rock icon Joey Ramone to Apple Inc. co-founder Steve Wozniak.
Over the course of his journalistic career, Dave has covered many diverse subjects. Since arriving at Money Morning in 2011, he has focused primarily on technology. He's an expert on both Apple and cryptocurrencies. He started writing about Apple for The Sun in the mid-1990s, and had an Apple blog on The Sun's web site from 2007-2009. Dave's been writing about Bitcoin since 2011 - long before most people had even heard of it. He even mined it for a short time.
Dave has a BA in English and Mass Communications from Loyola University Maryland.
Apps are what is needed to make your smartphone smart and unique.Im fond of app creating and find it really helpful to use site like Snappii where i can build apps in minutes.
Windows Phone (terrible name) will take marketshare from Google, not Apple. They share the same tacky industrial design and appeal to the same type of people.
Most people don't care about fart apps. As long as they get on Facebook, call, text, email, they go Android. iPhone- that hipster niche phone.
Apple Fanboys are easy to spot. They have an excuse for everything. Android has a much higher marketshare, but that's not important. What's important is the Apple Fanboys keep pumping money into Apple bank account. Elitist Apple users are universally less technically competent than any other subgroup of users. Who am I? A computer engineer who submits to reality, not hope and change.
Great points about the fractured android platforms, but it's still worth developing for. I’m starting to develop a couple of apps on my own after working with an agency for several years. I’m looking forward to reading Chad Mureta’s new book App Empire. http://appempirebook.com. He’s a highly-successful developer who built a multi-million dollar business after he couldn’t do long hours at the keyboard after an accident. He’s proven time and again how to take great ideas and market them in the app form.
The first complaint about android is fragmentation. It is always what iFans spout off as the reason Android sucks and wont topple their iPhones.
That fragmentation is what drives Android, 100 different phones 100 different setups. Its designed to work the way you want it to be. Not what Google, Apple, or Microsoft tell you it should work.
I would really love to speak with the author of this article, they obviously have no real clue what is going on in the market and what people are looking for.
Wow, is this Author paid, or is this just a regular write your own article and submit it to a media that doesn't have a clue?Google doesn't sell their OS it's free. Any device developer that supports the required prerequisites in there hardware is allowed to use Android and Advertise their device with the OSes Name, If you don't meet the prerequisites you can still use the OS, you just can't claim it is an Android Device. Unless you count the tremendous $20.00 fee for opening a developers account they don't make anything on the Android Market AKA Google Play either. So where does Google make it's money from? Same place as always, no change there. From Adds. Where do you think all those Free Add supported apps are getting the majority of their Adds from?If you think developers are going to stop developing for a platform just because they are not getting paid then you might want to take a look at gnu.org, They started a little project a while back and with that little Project that Linus Trovalds started I think you might find they have quite a little world wide network of developers. As a matter of Fact both Android and iOS owe a lot to these projects. iOS because it was Based on a BSD derivative (Mac OS X and Darwin) and the BSD project uses a lot of gnu tools in their work. Android well do I even need to mention that Android is a Highly specialized Linux (the kernel not to be confused with the GNU/Linux OS) Embedded System?In the real world Windows (Intel Compatible) machines have always dominated over Apple. Why, because Windows wasn't locked down to just one device, people like choices especially when one of those choices is a more affordable yet just as viable product, and I hear there was a little bit of fragmentation on the Windows Development side also, anyone care to dispute that?When you really think about the big picture Android for Smart Phones is the best choice for a hardware manufacture, the why of that is simple it significantly R&D costs. It's a proven OS that works and works well. I don't see Android losing ground at all, I see just the opposite. If history can be used as an indicator and we review the market of Apples last attempt to win against proprietary Software against their proprietary Hardware I really don't think it looks very good in the Apple camp right now. It's okay if you route for iOS camp though, I tend to like the underdog as well. They really don't have a chance though, and even if just for prosperity I am going to hold on to my Android and not invest in an iPhone any time soon, or waste anytime developing for a system that is likely to have less than 20% of the market in a decade, just like in the Microsoft vs. Apple Wars.